The use of gypsum and Plaster dates back thousands of years, with evidence of its use in ancient civilizations. Ancient Egypt: Gypsum was commonly used by the ancient Egyptians in construction. They utilized gypsum plaster for various purposes, including coating the walls of tombs, temples, and palaces. The Egyptians also used gypsum as a bonding agent in the construction of the pyramids.  Both ancient Greek and Roman civilizations used gypsum plaster extensively in their buildings. The Greeks used plaster to create decorative elements, such as moldings and sculptures. The Romans developed advanced techniques for using gypsum in construction, including the invention of lime-gypsum plaster, which improved the strength and durability of structures.

Gypsum plaster continued to be used during the Middle Ages, particularly in Europe. It was employed in the construction of castles, churches, and cathedrals. The technique of casting decorative plasterwork, known as stucco, became popular during this period. Gypsum plasterwork reached its peak during the Renaissance and Baroque periods. Elaborate and intricate plaster decorations adorned palaces, mansions, and churches. Plaster artists and craftsmen developed sophisticated techniques to create ornate designs and elaborate ceiling decorations known as plasterwork or stucco.

Evidence shows that some of gypsum works antiquity left on the Anatolian Plateau and Syria, date back to 9000 years ago. It has also been proven that the Sumerian, Assyrian, Egyptian, Greek and Roman civilizations that ruled in the adjacent areas certainly interacted with each other and used plaster as a building material. The most popular and important cases of using gypsum in that period were making special kinds of charms and sculptures. In ancient civilizations, a kind of plaster was used which is called Alabaster. The large statues of winged cows belonging to the Assyrian civilization, which are made of gypsum are now available in London.

In the United States, Pennsylvania was the first state to use plaster extensively to improve soil conditions. In the beginning, adding plaster to oats at a rate of 210 to 550 kg /per hectare has significantly increased the efficacy. plaster lightens the soil, increases soil permeability and drainage, increases plant resistance to stress, especially drought. Adding raw plaster causes soil stability and sustainable agriculture development, especially in very Impressive soil and water conditions of pistachio-prone areas. In the United States, about 30 different types of fertilizer products (plaster base) are extracted from raw plaster under different names, and each has its own unique application.

Today, gypsum and plaster products are integral to the construction industry, providing fire resistance, sound insulation, and a smooth surface for finishing. They are utilized in residential, commercial, and industrial buildings, as well as in art and restoration projects. The versatility and durability of gypsum and plaster have ensured their continued use in various applications. Plaster (or gypsum) is used in the construction and many other industries, but the main use of gypsum is in the construction industry. In the following, we will examine the uses of Plaster in variety of industries and briefly explain each of them.

The Industrial Revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries brought advancements in the production of gypsum and plaster. The process of calcining gypsum to create plaster of Paris was refined, and it became more widely available as a building material. Gypsum plaster became popular for creating smooth and decorative interior walls. Gypsum plaster continued to be used extensively in construction throughout the 20th century and into the present day. The development of gypsum board, commonly known as drywall or plasterboard, revolutionized the construction industry. Gypsum board consists of a gypsum core sandwiched between paper facings and is widely used for interior walls and ceilings.