China is the largest producer and exporter of Galena in the world. Galena mining is in Hubei, Hunan and Shangsha provinces. The exact reserves of galena in China are not precisely known, but it is estimated that the world's largest reserves are located in this country. Russia is also one of the largest producers of galena in the world. Galena mines are located in regions such as Karla, Siberia and Kazan. Until now, the exact reserves of galena in Russia have not been determined. Australia is also one of the important galena producing countries. Galena mines are located in states such as New South Wales, Queensland and Victoria. The exact reserves of galena in Australia are also not precisely known, but considerable production takes place. There are also galena mines in America. The states of Montana, Idaho, Illinois, Wisconsin, and Missouri in the United States are known for having galena mines. The exact reserves of galena in America are also not precisely known.

Accurate and up-to-date information on total galena reserves worldwide is not available. An accurate estimate of the total global galena reserves is very difficult due to the complexity of the mines, the variability of mining and production in countries, and the lack of comprehensive information on reserves in many regions. Galena reserves depend on the type and quality of ore, the depth of the mine, extraction technology and other variable factors. Also, it is not possible to have an accurate and comprehensive estimate of the total global galena reserves due to variations in mines that have yet to be discovered. These estimates may change if new information becomes available in the future. To access more detailed information about galena deposits in specific areas, the relevant mineral resources and mining organizations of each country can be reliable sources.

In some industries and applications, it has been tried to replace lead with other alternatives that are less harmful to the environment. For example, in some reusable batteries, it has been tried to replace lead with phenolite or lithium. Through the optimal use of mining technologies and the reduction of waste and geological damage, efforts are made to minimize the consumption of mineral resources and energy in the extraction of galena and reduce the environmental effects. The use of recycling and recovery methods from waste and residual materials can help to reduce the need for new galena mining and the use of non-renewable resources.

Research related to the replacement of lead in some applications and the development of new and less harmful materials for the environment, including plant-based substitutes and nanomaterials, is ongoing. By improving the methods and technologies of using lead in some industries, it is possible to achieve greater efficiency in the use of lead and reduce the need for further extraction. These efforts can help reduce the use of galena and lead resources, preserve the environment and sustain resources. However, there is still a need for more research and efforts in this field to make it possible to exploit more optimal resources and use more sustainable alternatives in different industries and applications.

Knowing all galena mines in the world and their exact reserves is not completely possible and some areas have not been investigated yet. With increasing attention to environmental sustainability and the use of non-renewable resources, more efforts can be made for optimal exploitation and replacement with other resources. As a result, when galena reserves are depleted, it can be affected by changes in technology, market needs, and mining policies. In 2020, the global production of galena was about 22 million tons. This statistic is based on information from industrial sources and official statistics that are reported about the production and export of galena in countries. Some of the prominent galena producing countries are China, India, Brazil, USA, South Africa and Australia. However, it should be noted that this list may change over time and as mining conditions change.