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This operation is done in a special furnace

PRODUCTION OF CERAMIC TILES

The heating process provides energy to form new chemical chains (transformation to glass) and sometimes new minerals (such as mullite in porcelain clay in porcelain heating)

The body of the tiles is usually harvested from different soils in different conditions and from different mines

The body of the tiles is usually harvested from different soils in different conditions and from different mines. These tiles and ceramics are made from different raw materials based on their application and role, which include: plastic raw materials, fillers, and melting aids.

The purpose of ceramic firing is to transform weak and raw ceramic Clay into a glassy, durable, crystalline and resistant form. This operation is done in a special furnace. Ceramic and tile firing furnaces have become more efficient over many centuries. These furnaces are sometimes tunnel-shaped and sometimes rotating. The temperature of the furnace in which the firing is done causes serious changes in the clay and creates and shapes its glaze. Usually, the firing method is that first the oven is heated to about 1000 degrees Fahrenheit in a few hours and then the raw ceramic is placed in it. 

At a thermal temperature between 1900 and 2400 degrees Fahrenheit, first the ceramic color Brick material is baked and in the next step, its glaze is formed. The higher the temperature, the stronger and more durable the ceramic will be. This process usually lasts between 3 and 8 hours. However, with the growth of technology, this time has decreased. In cases where the temperature is low, the ceramic glaze does not form well. If the steps of cooling the ceramic are done gradually and slowly, the quality of the ceramic will be much better.

Ceramics are glazed and polished before heating to produce a product with a coating that reduces porosity and has a smooth and often painted surface. Many ceramics contain a mixture of covalent and ionic bonds between atoms, the resulting product may be crystalline, semi-crystalline or glassy.

The desired form is dried and heated in an oven like oven. The heating process provides energy to form new Chemical chains (transformation to glass) and sometimes new Minerals (such as mullite in porcelain clay in porcelain heating). Waterproof, decorative, or functional glazes may be added before firing, or may need to be added after firing, which is more common.

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