There is no doubt that none of the chemical elements have played a more important role than oxygen in the development of chemistry. This life-giving gas was able to make such a huge breakthrough in chemistry in the late eighteenth century that it had never been possible before.

Lebanon is an Asian country on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea with a history of several thousand years of civilization. The region was one part of the Levant and became an independent state after the collapse of the Ottoman Empire. The majority of the population is Muslim. Several tribes are living in Lebanon. About 30% of the country's population is Shiite.