Steps are required to make bricks, which are:Digging and extracting raw materialsPreparation of raw materialsMoldingDryingBrick bakingThere is a main method for making bricks, which is:Dough wire cutting methodHard dough methodSemi-dry method or dry pressAfter drying, the clays are arranged in the kiln
The type of soil and its impurities have a great impact on the price of Clay bricks. Also, in the final stages of baking, if the Brick is not at the right temperature, it can cause many diseases. Steps are required to make bricks, which are:
- Digging and extracting raw materials
- Preparation of raw materials
- Molding
- Drying
- Brick baking
There is a main method for making bricks, which is:
- Dough wire cutting method
- Hard dough method
- Semi-dry method or dry press
After drying, the clays are arranged in the kiln. The arrangement of clays should be in such a way that hot gases and flames can easily pass through them. Brickmaking means heating bricks in such a way that the crystallization water of the clay jumps and the grains of the soil stick together well and create a hard body. The stages of brick production are:
- Extraction of raw materials: clay is collected by loaders and transported to the factory by truck. Then the surface soil is removed and the roots of the plants are separated from the soil so as not to cause the bricks to become porous.
- Preparation of raw materials: Here, large pieces of Stone are separated and sent to the stone crusher, and then the soil is rounded. Next, depending on the color of the brick, the amount of iron oxide is added and reduced so that it becomes the desired color during baking.
- Making mud for production: Water is added to the created dust so that it becomes sticky and shapeable. The more continuous the soil grains, the optimal amount of water and the forming with more pressure, the brick will have high resistance.
- Molding or plastering: Molding is done in two ways, traditional and machine. In the traditional method, where all the steps are done by hand, the flower is poured into a wooden mold that has no bottom and smoothed by hand. Then they remove the clay mold and place it in the open air to dry, which is a time-consuming and costly process. But in the machine method, the clay mold is placed in the oven or dryer.
- Clay drying: Since there is a lot of water in the clay, it is first dried at a lower temperature than the firing. In order to prevent cracking and rapid shrinkage, the clay should be dried slowly in the oven. In the traditional method, clays are placed next to each other to dry in the sun, which takes between 3 and 15 days, but in the kiln, it takes between 24 and 48 hours.
- Baking the clays: After drying, the bricks are brought into the big kilns by carts, which are baked at a temperature of approximately 900 degrees Celsius between 40 and 150 hours, depending on the kiln and the soil, and exit from the other kilns. do At this stage, you can create different colors for the bricks by adding fuel at a certain time.
The method of making glazed bricks is not particularly different from ordinary bricks; In the glazed brick, only a surface of the glaze is covered on it. This glaze is made from clay and then it is combined with Aluminum oxide to maintain its glassy and polished surface. To glaze the bricks, we must first allow them to dry completely. After drying, the prepared glaze is spread on the surface of the brick and dissolves. After the glaze reaches a certain temperature, it will penetrate into the brick and finally we will have a glazed brick.
