Ammonia (NH3) is a compound composed of nitrogen and hydrogen atoms. Ammonia is a primary component in the manufacturing of nitrogen-based fertilizers. Although ammonia was not known as a distinct compound, it has been used by humans since ancient times. Several countries in West Asia have established themselves as significant ammonia producers. Chemicals are substances that have a distinct molecular composition and are typically produced through various chemical processes. Chemicals can be grouped based on their molecular composition and structural characteristics. The Middle East is home to large-scale petrochemical complexes that produce a wide range of petrochemicals, including ethylene, propylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, methanol, ammonia, and more. The chemical industry refers to the sector of the economy that is involved in the production, manufacturing, and distribution of chemicals and chemical products. Afghanistan is a country located in the southwest of Asia. This country is bordered by Turkmenistan in the north and northeast, China in the northeast and east, Pakistan in the south and southeast, Iran in the west and northwest, and Tajikistan in the west. The capital of Afghanistan is Kabul. The currency of this country is the Afghani and is known by the code AFN. Afghanistan has several official languages, but Dari and Pashto are the most common languages in the country. The majority of Afghan people are Muslim and mostly belong to the Sunni sect.
