One of the most widely used construction materials, concrete is a mixture of cement, aggregates (such as sand and gravel), water, and additives. The Middle East has experienced a construction boom in recent years, driven by urbanization, population growth, and ambitious development plans. Construction sand, typically sourced from rivers, quarries, or coastal areas, is a fundamental component of concrete, mortar, and other construction materials. Clay is a primary ingredient in the production of bricks and blocks. Zambia is located in the south of the African continent and is bordered by Tanzania to the north, Malawi, Mozambique and Zimbabwe to the east, Namibia and Botswana to the south, and Angola to the west. Zambia has diverse areas including the shores of Lake Kariba and natural scenery including Victoria Falls. The capital of Zambia is the city of Lusaka. This country has a republican system of government and the president acts as the leader of the country. Zambia is divided as a union of administrative regions, divided into 10 provinces based on regional administrative divisions.
