One of the most widely used construction materials, concrete is a mixture of cement, aggregates (such as sand and gravel), water, and additives. The Middle East has experienced a construction boom in recent years, driven by urbanization, population growth, and ambitious development plans. Construction sand, typically sourced from rivers, quarries, or coastal areas, is a fundamental component of concrete, mortar, and other construction materials. Clay is a primary ingredient in the production of bricks and blocks. South Sudan, the world's youngest country, gained independence in 2011 and has since been working to establish its economy and trade systems. The country's financial and trading infrastructure is underdeveloped due to years of conflict, instability, and a reliance on oil as its primary economic driver. Oil accounts for nearly all of South Sudan's government revenue and export earnings, but fluctuations in oil prices and internal unrest have significantly impacted the economy. The financial sector is small, and banking services are limited, with most transactions done in cash due to a lack of proper banking infrastructure.
