Iran is rich in mineral resources, and mining plays a significant role in the country's economy. It possesses substantial reserves of various minerals, including oil, natural gas, coal, iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, and many others. The mining sector in Iran supports the country's industrial activities by providing essential raw materials. For example, iron ore is mined and used in the Steel industry, while Copper is extracted for the production of electrical wires and components. Iran has a diverse agricultural sector, producing a wide range of plant products. These include wheat, rice, barley, corn, fruits, vegetables, tea, cotton, and various medicinal plants. The plant products are utilized by different industries in Iran. For instance, wheat and rice are crucial for the Food processing industry, while cotton is used in textile and clothing manufacturing. Medicinal plants are processed for pharmaceuticals and herbal products.

Iran's important mines are oil and gas. Iran is the world's fourth-largest oil producer, with 9.4 percent of the world's proven 157 billion barrels of proven oil reserves, and the world's first-largest gas reserves with 18 percent of the world's proven gas reserves, or 33 percent. It has 6 trillion cubic meters, but in total oil and gas reserves, Iran with 379 billion barrels of Crude oil equivalent, ranks first in this field. The most important oil areas of Masjed Soleiman Haftgol are Gachsaran Agha Jari and Shahabad (west). Qom oil is also being extracted.

Other important mines of the country are Coal mines, Metal ores: gold, manganese, chromite, copper, lead, zinc, nickel, cobalt, silver, and iron, Chemical minerals: salt, decorative stones, sand. In 1978, the most important and several metal mines in Iran were as follows: lead and zinc, copper, chromite, red soil, and iron ore. Also in the same year, important non-metallic mines and a number that have been exploited are coal, marble, travertine, kaolin, silica turquoise, mineral pumice bentonite, barite, dolomite, refractory, alum, talc, feldspar, gypsum, bicarbonate.

Iranian vegetable products are wheat, barley, rice, corn, chickpeas, beans, mung bean, lentils, tobacco, cotton, hemp, sugarcane, and all Fruit trees. Fishing, Pearl fishing, wildlife, and poultry farming, silkworm, and bee farming, and mushroom farming are also common. Iranian Industries
The main industries of the country are: oil, gas, petrochemical, steel, textile, chemical, food, automobile, electrical and electronic industries, as well as important handicrafts, household and traditional industries of the country are: carpets and rugs, kilims and pillows, carving, inlaying, and pottery.

Iran's industrial sector encompasses various industries, including manufacturing, petrochemicals, automotive, steel, cement, textiles, and food processing. These industries rely on both mined resources and plant products. For instance, the steel industry requires iron ore and coal from mining operations, while the food processing industry utilizes agricultural products such as wheat, fruits, and vegetables. The Petrochemical industry, which is a significant sector in Iran, relies on oil and gas reserves for its feedstock. In some cases, raw materials from mines and plant products are further processed within Iran to add value and create finished products. For example, iron ore mined in Iran is processed into steel, which is then used in various industries and construction projects. Similarly, agricultural products like wheat can be processed into flour, which is used in the baking industry or exported.