A visual examination of the Stone can provide initial clues about its authenticity and quality. Experts look for characteristics such as color, transparency, texture, and luster. They compare the stone to known samples and assess its overall appearance. Jadeite and Nephrite have different densities and hardness levels, which can be measured to identify the type of jade. Density is typically measured using the Archimedes' principle, which involves weighing the stone in air and then in water to determine its specific gravity. Hardness can be assessed using the Mohs scale, where jadeite has a hardness of around 6.5-7 and nephrite has a hardness of around 6-6.5.

It is very difficult to distinguish the original Jade stone from the counterfeit with the naked eye, but with special tools, it is possible to distinguish the bad and painted types, which, unfortunately, are very numerous. In the classification system of this gem, "Imperial" is known as "A". "B" is a stone that is boiled in a strong acid to remove impurities to clean its grooves from any contamination and finally covered with wax or synthetic resin. "C" has very little quality and is completely painted. 

Clear specimens are often sold as green jade after dyeing. In confirmation of this, it is good to quote Roland Ohl: "Only in consultation with a specialist jeweler or a good and professional intermediary can you avoid the risk of buying a counterfeit type" In addition, like the rest Gemstones, the identity of a gem is able to create credibility for the gemstone, and this is very important because only the main type has the properties of jade.

Green jade bears a resemblance to emeralds in appearance and color, and can sometimes be misdiagnosed. First of all, note that Emerald is only green. Jade is found in different colors such as black, green, yellow, brown and another important difference is in the value of these two gems. The price of emerald in the market is much higher than the price of green jade and emerald is often seen in small dimensions (except Indian emerald) while jade stone is sometimes available in very large dimensions up to the size of a palm. Most emeralds have tiny inner veins that are visible to the naked eye. Emerald has a special clarity and luster that is intensified with a special oil for this feature. Often emerald is clear and jade is opaque. (Of course, the transparency of emerald varies from high to opaque)

Until 1863, mineralogists considered the material known as jade to be a single mineral. In that year, the French mineralogist Alexis Damour discovered that what had been called jade were actually Stones of two distinct mineral species: jadeite and nephrite. However, the Chinese had already distinguished two types of jade more than a century earlier. Yu was the jade material they had traditionally carved (nephrite). Fei-ts’ui was the intense green jade material that began to enter China from Burma (Myanmar) in the mid-18th century (jadeite).

Although jadeite and nephrite have similar outward appearances, they have different internal structures and properties. Gemologists should distinguish between these materials. Nevertheless, most people commonly refer to both Minerals as jade without further distinction.

Refractive index is a measure of how light bends as it passes through a material. Jadeite and nephrite have different refractive indices, which can be determined using a refractometer. By measuring the refractive index of a stone, it is possible to differentiate between jadeite and nephrite. Spectroscopy techniques, such as infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), can be used to analyze the molecular structure of a jade stone. These techniques can help identify the presence of specific minerals or impurities that are characteristic of jadeite or nephrite. X-ray diffraction is a method that provides information about the crystal structure of a material. It can be used to identify the mineral composition of a jade stone and confirm if it is jadeite or nephrite. XRD can also help detect any synthetic or treated jade.

Jadeite often exhibits a distinct fluorescent response under ultraviolet (UV) light. By subjecting a jade stone to UV light, experts can observe its fluorescence patterns and compare them to known jadeite samples. This method can help differentiate between jadeite and other materials. Recognizing and identifying jade stones accurately often requires the expertise and experience of qualified gemologists and jade specialists. They have in-depth knowledge of jade characteristics, regional variations, and can rely on their trained eye to assess the stone's authenticity and quality.

Due to the high price of each gram of green jade (in special samples) or other types of this stone, it is necessary to know the methods of distinguishing genuine jade from counterfeit so as not to get into trouble. Just as jade brokers are unaware of the quality of the underlying layers when buying cut and unprocessed stones, they may be mistaken and may sell counterfeit specimens to enthusiasts at a price equivalent to the original green jade.